Showing posts with label Ratan Tata. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ratan Tata. Show all posts

Tata Motors Now Introducing New Vehicles

Indian automobile giant, Tata Motors is mulling over new fuel efficient cars as well as hybrid cars in emerging markets and also planning to increase the sales of its Jaguar and LandRover cars in India and China.

In India, the company plans to launch a new cross-over vehicle, two new passenger vehicles and a new range of heavy trucks, Tata Motors Chairman Ratan Tata said.

"The current range of vehicles has seen resurgence in demand, and the challenge before the company today is to deliver enough vehicles to meet market demand," said Tata in the firm's annual report.

He said China has emerged as the third-largest global market for Land Rover/Range Rover and "studies are underway to consider options to increase market penetration in China, India and other developing markets."

Tata said the company is also considering widening the range of Jaguar cars by introducing a station wagon, a new entry-level Jaguar, and a new roadster.

China's demand for cars has fuelled a rise in bottom lines of many a car maker, as sales grew almost 48 percent in 2009 to 8.4 million vehicles. In India, total passenger car sales increased by 24.5% to 1.9 million units in the fiscal year ending March.

The company also plans to revamp its entire Range Rover portfolio and promises "the new Range Rover 'EVOQUE' will have be a bold design evolution in sports utility vehicles (SUVs)."

Tata Motors, whose products include the world's cheapest car, Nano, had bought the Britain-based Jaguar and Land Rover brands from Ford in 2008.

Tata Motors posted a 41% growth selling 67,799 vehicles in July 2010 as against 48,054 vehicles in the like period of 2009. This includes the company's export products.

In the domestic market, it logged a 39% growth at 63,558 units which includes both passenger and commercial vehicles as against the 45,599 units sold in the same time last year.

Meanwhile, the company also announced that its holding firm Tata Sons' director R.Gopalakrishnan, will be stepping down from the board.

Gopalakrishnan was a director in group companies like Tata Motors and Tata Power and also held the posts of chairman in Tata AutoComp Systems, and vice chairman in Tata Chemicals, among other important positions.

Tata's Journey So far..

1954
Tata launched its first Mercedes Benz diesel truck, Telco.



1958
India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, walks through the apprentice shop at Jamshedpur.



1965
The owner of the first Mercedes Benz diesel truck, Sardar Kartar singh is presented with the key of the 1,00,000th truck.



1969
Employees cheer as the first Tata branded truck rolls out, ending the collaboration with Daimler Benz, Germany.



1977
Tata manufactures its first commercial vehicle at its plant in Pune.



1986
Tata launches its first light commercial vehicle from Telco, the Tata 407.



1992
Tata Estate, Telco's second passenger vehicle launched by JRD Tata and Ratan Tata.



1994
Tata Motors released its multi-utility car, Tata Sumo in the year 1994.
After that, there was no stopping the car manufacturing unit.



1998
Ratan Tata drives the first Tata Indica off the assembly line.



1998
Tata Motors produced an SUV, Tata Safari. It was the first SUV to be designed,
developed and manufactured entirely in India.



2002
Tata introduced India's most competitive indigenous sedan, the Indigo.



2003
Tata Engineering formally changes to Tata Motors.



2004
Tata Motors acquires Daewoo Commercial Vehicle Company, South Korea.
The first range of Tata Novus vehicles from Tata Daewoo is launched soon after.



2004
Tata Motors starts its globalisation drive and launches the Tata Indica in South Africa.




2008
Tata Motors launched the most-awaited car of the year,
its one-lakh car called Nano, at the 9th Auto Expo.



Nano - The Complete Story So Far....

One of the most important events in the history of automobiles on our planet has happened. The Tata Nano has been launched!

Welcome the most-anticipated Indian car ever. This story is a part of a special leading up to the launch of the Tata Nano.

Nano Mania



I. The history of the people's car

Vehicles built for popular consumption are not a new phenomenon. They are, in every case, popular, innovative and in their time, cheap. Four cars have excelled at this in the past, and every one of them is revered today as a milestone in the history of cars.

The people's car is not a new idea. At various times in history, a manufacturer has either recognised the demand for one, or has been forced by the need of the hour to create one. In every case, the car that has resulted has shared some common attributes - their inexpensive price tags, their

reliability and in time, their iconic status. One thing is for sure, this is not the complete list of people's cars, but these four, we believe, are the most important icons of that popular category of cars.



Ford Model T
The Model T, or Tin Lizzie, predated other people's cars by a decade and was the first production car. This you know. Henry Ford's goal was simple, "I will build a car for the great multitude. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for the individual to run and care for. It will be constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, after the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise. But it will be low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one - and enjoy with his family the blessing of hours of pleasure in God's great open spaces." And in hindsight, he succeeded on all of those fronts, right? The 20.2hp, 2.9-litre inline four was reliable and powerful enough to drag the T to over 65kmph. Prices began at $850 in 1909 but fell to about $450 by 1915. Which was dirt cheap compared to the other cars at the time, which tended to stay over the $2,000 mark. Today, that would peg the Ford Model T at roughly $9120 or Rs 4.7 lakhs.

Fiat Topolino
It wasn't quick, it wasn't fast, it was difficult to fix thanks to its size. But Fiat's Topolino ('Little Mouse', the Italian name for Mickey Mouse) was pleasing to look at, drank almost nothing and proved to be spacious. And that was enough to make it a legendary car. The Fiat 500 (official name) was produced from 1936 to 1955, although truth be told, it almost never got made.

The plan for the car was in the building back in 1919, but though brochures were printed, the car wasn't minted. In 1934, Agnelli, Fiat's boss visualised the 5,000 lire people's car that would carry two adults and 50kg of stuff. Dante Giacosa, a young aeronautical engineer worked on the powertrain while Rudolfo Schaffer created the two-part body. The 500 was ready. It cost 8,000 lire, then, way over the target, but the buying public didn't notice, really. Until 1955, without any major mechanical mods, the Fiat 500/Topolino ran a 569cc four-cylinder side-valve water-cooled engine mounted ahead of the front axle. It could hit 85kmph, return almost 17kmpl and was priced at Lire 8900 (roughly $440, then), which, adjusted for inflation works out to $6620 (Rs 3.42 lakhs) today. In the 1955, the new 500 Fiat launched turned out to be so iconic, that the new one is remembered today as the Fiat 500, and not the Topolino.

VW Beetle
There's isn't much that hasn't been said about Volkswagen's Beetle. You should already know about its charm, how Hitler and Ferdinand Porsche had roles to play in its creation, how popular it was, and remains and so forth. The Type 1, as it was known internally, gained the name of Käfer, the German word for beetle, and that's what we know it has. Its spawned a variety of versions, and very few were officially called the Beetle. Point is, the car was a triumph of simplicity and reliability. The original was supposed to carry two adults and three children at speeds of up to 100kmph. At launch, there was a special scheme that allowed Germans to buy the car for 990 Reichsmarks, roughly US$ 235. Adjusted for inflation that works out to US$ 3425 or Rs 1.8 lakh. That's roughly half the price of the Topolino - a contemporary people's car - mind you. Obviously, the scheme included subsidised prices, but there it is - cheap and best. Ironic as it is, the Beetle and the factory it was made in almost didn't survive the aftermath of WWII. But it was the British - first due to their lack of interest in moving the factory to Britain, and later, due to British Major Ivan Hirst who extracted an unexploded bomb and restarted production - who are actually responsible for the Beetle's subsequent rise to popular cult icon.

Citroen 2CV
Pierre-Jules Boulanger wanted a small, cheap car ('umbrella on wheels') that would take two peasants, 100kg of produce at 60kmph, returning 33kmpl. And it would have to traverse a field without breaking the eggs it was carrying. The 'Deux Chevaux' did all of this, and how! Having somehow survived WWII, and in the process losing aluminium parts to steel, the final 2CV appeared in public in 1948 at the Paris Show. At launch in 1949, the 2CV beat its many detractors by proving wildly successful among the lower-income populace. Within months, the waiting list grew to three years and used 2CVs were actually more expensive to buy because new ones would take time. The original 375cc flat-twin produced a laughable 9bhp, and the engine saw upgrades that, er, took care of the lack of power to some extent. But the 2CV was never about performance. It was reliable, cheap and it got the job done. The thousands and thousands of buyers confirmed that it did that with a cheerful demeanour. By 1955, the 2CV was priced at roughly $1200 in the US. Today that would mean $9195 or Rs 4.75 lakhs.

The Tata Nano, as you can see already, will be part of this legend. In the past few decades, we've lost, to some extent, the focus on the people's car. Ratan Tata has ensured, with the Nano, that popular cars for the populace will come back in fashion.

II. Ratan Tata's Dream



Ratan Tata met an extremely select group of senior editors before he unveiled the Nano at the Auto Expo. This remains the most detailed interaction he has had with journalists since the Nano hype hit the global buzzwire and sent it spinning into a frenzy.

It seems the seed that will blossom into the Nano was sown years and years ago in Kolkata (then, Calcutta), when Mr Tata would use the iconic hand-pulled rickshaws. He would consider a solution to the problem of his own personal safety and of the obviously hard life that the puller must go through. His visits to plant showed him a similar problem - a sort of inherent disregard for the comfort of and to some extent the safety of the workers. This brought him to the conclusion that safety is affected, among other factors, by fatigue.

Obviously, this applies to our lives in many aspects. And perhaps the one situation relevant here is a pretty common sight - family of four on a scooter. We've all been there before - kid on the front, second kid in mother's arms, and dad riding. In the days of the Lambretta, riding on the spare wheel was a special privilege, even. But is that really safe? We all know the answer. Add in the normally greasy Indian roads, especially during our fairly violent monsoon, and poor visibility at night, and you have a rather precarious situation.

While Tata admits that scooters have their place - their a step-up from bicycles and so forth - it started him thinking of a solution to the problem.

He admits to thinking about adding, in effect, a roll cage. He considered adding two wheels to the back for stability - a cheap trike, even. Then he spotted BMW's C1, which was, in effect exactly the thing he'd been thinking of. We all know that as quirky and logical as the C1 was, it was a sales flop. Riders didn't take to it because the roll-cage structure added weight to the top, which made handling a bit weird. Today, the C1 remains an icon, but hardly something remembered as an innovation that changed the world.

Tata says that the only difference between his vision of a safer two-wheeler and the C1, perhaps, was the fact that the C1 was, determinedly, a proper two-wheeler, while his vision was of a roll-caged trike.

This led him to start considering four-wheelers. Initially, this dream circled scooter parts to keep costs in check. And when Tata brought up the idea at an ACMA (Automotive Component Manufacturers' Association) meeting - he wanted to collaborate with other Asian manufacturers to jointly design and produce an Asian peoples' car, the response was not encouraging. He said, candidly, that only Brij Mohan Munjal showed any positive response, but the idea was never taken forward by either party.

When Tata realised that the scooter part focus was part of the problem in the design and not really a solution, the dream restarted afresh. This time from scratch. Tata wanted no legacy influence on the design, which allowed it to break free from the shackles of convention and history, as it were.

It was this design process that threw up the fact that a three-wheeler was unfeasible. That the car couldn't be anything but a proper car to succeed. Initially, the focus was a 'rural car.' Ideas like rolled up plastic curtains, open doors - like an auto rickshaw, or a open cutout with a safety bar were all duly brought up and eventually, rejected. It had to be a proper car, Tata reasserted. It became clear to him and his associates that the

end result should be a car, not something people could dismiss as an autorickshaw with four wheels or a scooter with doors. In 1998, Chrysler showed a concept car called the CCV, or Composite Concept Vehicle. While the concept itself didn't really make that big a splash, it's message - you can build cars with plastics - stayed with Tata. Engineering plastics can fulfil the structure demands but they have an obvious cost benefit - they are coloured by pigmentation, not painting. The whole plastic is the colour your perceive, the paint is not a layer on top. This saves the cost of painting the car. But once again, the idea ran into trouble when the team realised that the plastic car would always be just that. A car, at least in people's heads, had to be of metal.

That, really, laid the foundation of the Nano program. The Nano had to be a proper car, but to keep the cost in mind, Tata's team would have to work really, really hard to pare down the costs. As Tata said at that breakfast meeting, it's taken the company a really long time - he estimates that the program took between a year and a half or two years longer than it should have. All of the challenges, according to him, were cost related. Tata needed something to compare the Nano against, and they took the Maruti 800 as the benchmark. The Nano had to equal or exceed the M800 on various aspects. Now, if the Nano was to match the 800 in, say, acceleration, then the car would have to have a larger engine - which meant corresponding costs would have be pared off some other part of the car, and some parts would have to be repackaged to create space for the larger engine.

III. The innovations in the Nano



So, how exactly did Ratan Tata and his team get the price of the Nano where they wanted it? Before you start screaming cost-cutting, there's more to it than just that. The Nano team scratched their heads, put on their thinking caps and if you're a management type, they even brainstormed. It's no wonder that the Nano and patent applications appear to have gone in hand in hand.

At this moment, a fair amount of information on how the Nano was brought to its intended price tag without compromising its design brief - 'a proper car' - is yet to be announced. But here is what we do know.

1. ECU
The ECU, or engine control unit, is a central part of any modern day motor. It is in effect a small computer that controls all aspects of engine operation. Given the sheer complexity of even the simplest engines, they can be expensive. The complexity is not inherent, it is needed because an engine today must satisfy emissions norms, sound norms, produce an acceptable spread of power, return an acceptable level of economy and still more. This complexity makes it crucial and in the case of the Nano, expensive. However, Tata worked with Bosch to take the ECU down to an unprecedented price. Among the solutions employed, is the fact that the sensors used by the ECU to govern the engine are down to half the usual number. And from what we hear on the Nanos testing in and around Pune, the engine works perfectly.

2. Wiper
Sometimes it's in the details. Ratan Tata's direction to the designers at IDea - to reduce the wiper count to one has been well-publicised. The usual subtext was that it neatened up the car's looks. While true, it's a part of the cost-conscious design that's ensured that careful design ensures lower costs without compromising useability.

3. Small wheels and mounting
The Nano's cuteness is in part due to the tiny wheels it rolls on. These aren't incidental either. The Nano was carefully designed to use these. Small wheels are lighter, which positively impacts economy, performance and ride quality. Further, these wheels were mounted with only three lugs, again,keeping costs in mind while examining and improving decisions that have become automatic in car design. The small wheels and the light weight have also ensured that power steering will probably not be missed in the car - again, this saves cost and complexity. Further, the design team split the tyre sizes to give the front a slightly thinner spec, while keeping the driven wheels fatter. This balances the impact of the wider track at the front, and in driving terms should endow the car with mild understeer at the limit - which is a safety feature. If Tata hadn't planned for the understeer you would probably have got a car like the early Porsches which had a rearward weight bias that resulted in their famously snap oversteer characteristics. In simpler terms, the Nano has a rearward weight bias due to the engine. This, on its own, can be a problem when taking corners at speed, where the rear end starts to behave sort of like a pendulum, dragging the car off the line. The engineered understeer counteracts this and should produce, depending on how good the design is, a balanced, neutral car. And lest we forget, smaller tyres mean less rubber, so theyshould be cheaper as well.

And don't forget the non-opening hatch. That means no costs in terms of beading, hinges and locks, and that the whole panel can be a relatively cheap addition to the monocoque which will add to the strength of the chassis without adding cost.

4. Light body
The extremely light body weight indications suggest that Tata found some sort of format that allows the upper monocoque to remain pretty light without compromising the chassis rigidity. What is already known is that the Nano uses a light gauge metal body and the production process will aim for minimum wastage.

5. Engine format/placement
The four-stroke parallel twin 624cc engine has been the source of most of Tata's patents that come from the Nano project. The single-counter balancer equipped motor is being labelled as a world first for a car application. The engine is fuel-injected, of course, and we expect the final spec to show that it is a two-valve single overhead cam design. But it wasn't the engine alone that's worthy of being mentioned. It's how Tata have mounted it. The rear-engine configuration isn't new, but to be honest, not many manufacturers have tried it recently. When Volkswagen announced the Up, they planned a rear-engine format as well because of its cost implications. The Up is front-engined now only because VW found it hard to engineer given that all of its other cars were in that format - which makes it most cost-effective to engineer. If it wasn't for that legacy,VW's Up would be rear-engined too.

Tata doesn't have those legacy issues. The rear-engine, rear-wheel drive format, at the most obvious eliminates the driveshaft and saves some money. But in the Nano's case, it's the packaging that's stunning. As you saw in the Auto Expo, aside from the air intakes ahead of the rear wheel

arches, there's almost no indication as to where the engine is. This is because the motor is behind and under the rear seats. The hatch does not open - more on that in a bit - and the engine is accessed by flipping the rear seats forward. The hard to access format suggests that Tata have

produced an engine that is pretty reliable. But more importantly, it's non-intrusion into the passenger cabin is part of the slew of solutions that liberate what Tata is calling generous interior space - 21 per cent more than the Maruti 800!

6. Central instruments and dashboard
While it just looks quirky and cute at first glance, the central meters and the dash on the Nano are actually a rather clever piece of kit. First of all, a central meter set eliminates the need to adapt that large plastic assembly for right- and left-hand drive markets. Tata will offer a speedometer, odometer and a digital fuel gauge plus lights that are spartan, but complete instrumentation. But most importantly, the smoothly curved design, two huge cubby holes ensure that the cabin gets an airy feel, lots of storage and almost no one notices that there isn't a glove box at all. Neat, eh? The curved edges should also have a role to play in crash safety.

7. Filler cap and single mirror
The filler cap is actually located under the nose. It might be a little inconvenient to fill up, then, but remember, many people who drive CNG and LPG cars already do this. But on the cost front, this means that body does not need to a hole in it at someplace for the filler cap. Tata will probably also
not offer a standard left side mirror - we've never seen a car with it so far, not at the Expo, nor among the various test pieces running around Pune- which is another cost saving. It will be an optional extra should you really want it - and you should - but for a car this cheap, this is not an unreasonable compromise. After all, there are cars relatively more expensive that don't have it as standard either, right?

IV.The Factory factor



In the meantime, a queue of state governments formed to offer the Nano project. While Dharwad in Karnataka seemed to be winning, Gujarat bagged the Nano project. The new plant is expect to come at on 1100acres of land at Sanand in 2010. Tata will (re)spend Rs 2,000 Crore (Rs 20 billion) on the new plant. Located 45km from Ahmedabad, Sanand will be the new home of the project, making an estimated 250,000 cars per annum.

The movement of the plant will have a serious impact on the project in the short term. Had the plant been running at full capacity, Tata would have been making as much as 250,000 Nanos a year, scalable to 350,000 which would have been far better in the face of what is expected to be an unprecedented deluge of demand. With the Pune and Pantnagar plants only able to make a maximum of 5000 Nanos (our estimate), the queues for people who will book the Nano will be long and tortuous and for once, it will probably not be the manufacturer's fault.

Reports in the media already suggest that Tata will open bookings only for a month, and this window will close when one lakh bookings are done.

State Bank of India is reportedly the sole booking agent and while the actual down payment is not known - Rs 70,000 is being estimated or rumoured - you have to pay Rs 500 to register your booking. No one has ever done this with a car, as far as we know.

Industry estimates suggest that had Tata had their new plant on stream, the actual number of potential bookings could be as much as six times that figure!

V. Future powertrains



In the months of waiting from the time we have seen the first Nanos at the Auto Expo to now, Tata has offered a glimpse repeatedly into the future of Nano. Here is all the information on the powertrain front.

1. The 3-cylinder engine

Tata's plan for a three-cylinder engine for the Nano surfaced with the Nano Europa at Geneva 2009. The logic is pretty simple. The Europa is a bigger car than the Nano and will have far more mandatory equipment on board - ESP, Airbags, ABS etc. It will also have to run at significantly higher average and peak speeds than the Indian Nanos, which means a powerful motor, relatively speaking, becomes essential to the whole package.

Tata's 35PS 2-cylinder parallel twin, one must assume isn't going to cut it. Or, even if it did meet the requirement, the Nano team obviously thought something bigger would be nice.

In packaging terms, a three-cylinder parallel twin shouldn't add too much to the actual dimensions of the engine - although we would reckon that almost all of the extra length of the Nano, is being given over to the space the new motor needs. Perhaps the simplest solution, on the face of it, is an engine that isn't all-new, but an extension of the current motor. If that assumption, our assumption, is correct, that this should point to an engine of between 800-950cc, which should bring the horsepower count up to about 42-48PS. Which should give the heavier, bigger Nano just enough juice to hit 130kmph. Which is not an incidental top speed, it's the speed limit on most of Europes auto-routes.

2. The Diesel

Japan is actually the country famous for its small super-diesels. Their kei-jidosha (smallest car class) vehicles have always had 660cc engines or thereabouts, so a small diesel, in that sense isn't ground-breaking new technology. However, if we assume that Tata met the same resistant that they got when they were trying to outsource the development of their 624cc petrol twin, then the diesel would also have had to be setup in house. Again, the engine capacity isn't known, but it would be reasonable to assume a similar displacement, since the space to squeeze the motor is in limited.

Now, given the cost angle, we aren't expecting a common-rail motor, although truth be told, we would be over the moon to see one in the spec list.

However, if Tata have managed to extract good torque from the petrol engine, it should be able to atleast get 30-40 per cent more from the diesel, which is roughly the norm in similar sized petrols and diesels when they are shared on one model across manufacturers. Horsepower will probably not dip below the 35PS mark, in our estimation, and that should make the diesel Nano, dare we say it, a bit of a pocket rocket!

3. The Hybrid

This is very much the hot topic of the moment. There is intense speculation that the Tata Nano will have a hybrid version. If you think about it,perhaps the biggest problem for Tata, hybrid wise will probably be packaging, not implementation, technology or its application. A hybrid, whether series (car starts electric, uses motor to charge batteries only, or only when serious acceleration is needed) or parallel (electric motor supplements normal engine, but the motor is not actually charged - in most cases - directly by the normal engine), will give the Tata Nano incredible fuel economy. In theory, the world's cheapest car could also be the world's most fuel efficient production car! Now, the petrol engine fuel economy figure being bandied about seems to hover from 20 to 25 kpl. Even a mildly good hybrid arrangement should boost that figure by at least 20 per cent, which means 24 to 30kpl. Does that not sound good?

Like all hybrids do, the hybrid goodness of the Nano will come at a cost, and we expect that the Nano Hybrid, should it actually happen, will cost more than the fully-loaded petrol model even. At that price, it will become the cool, unobtanium Nano as it were. That, alone, we say, is a good reason to make it. Elitist variant of a popular car? Oh yes. Oh, and Tata's mileage claims and CO2 claims with the petrol engine already match or surpass famous hybrids like the Prius et al, just so you know.

4. Electric

Thanks to Tata's work with their Norwegian partner, Miljo (think Th!nk) on the Indica EV, this is an actual possibility. Tata will launch the Indica EV in Norway in September according to reports and the only reason they aren't brining the 200km to a charge car to India is the lack of infrastructure to support it. In time, this will come, and so should the electric Nano. There isn't any official word on this, so we'll stick our necks out one more time and say that the electric Nano is at least five years away - Tata will need the next 18-24 months or so just to stabilise the production and meet the demand for the petrol Nano. By that much time, hopefully, compact, high energy-density batteries and powerful motors should give the electric Nano performance comparable to or better than the incoming petrol Nano.

5. Air engine

Yes, Tata have been working with that quirky French firm, MDI, which has pioneered an engine that runs on compressed air. To understand more about how the engine works, please read the April 2009 issue of Overdrive. The upshot is that the engine runs more or less like a conventional engine in feel, but the fuel you put into the tank, literally, is air. If (When?) the Nano gets that engine, it will need a tiny amount of normal fuel for on-board air compression at best. This car, then, will be truly stonking, for it will drink almost nothing, produce fresh, totally pure air and cost next to nothing to run.

VI. Alternatives to the Tata Nano

For a lakh of rupees here are three alternatives to the Nano

Past sense

Think you can do better than getting a micro-miniaturized hatch for the same amount of money? Well you may not be too far from the truth.
The economic slowdown and rising interest rates have sent the second-hand market spiraling downward. All of a sudden, there are a host of options to choose from and don’t be surprised to find some incredibly sweet deals on cars you've always wanted to own.

Of course, used Alto prices will hit an all-time low and there's never a better time to pick up this car. Look out for the early 1.0 litre cars, which were absolutely delightful to drive. These will be even cheaper than a lakh of rupees. Other cars to look out for from the Maruti stable will be the older Zen and Wagon R. Don’t discount a tempting deal on the Zen Estilo even, which--though not under a lakh--will certainly be somewhere in that ballpark.

For a few thousand over a lakh, you can even get your hands on a fully loaded Santro. Again, the litre-class equation weighs heavily since several people want the additional power. Power steering, power windows et al and it could still be available for a little over a lakh.

But here’s the really juicy bit: second-hand dealers claim to be able to source Hyundai Accents, Ford Ikons and--if you are really patient--even a late 2000 or early '01 Honda City for just around a lakh and half, perhaps even lower. Now for a car that large, spacious and with very usable boot, the additional tens of thousands are fairly justified.

Bike now

Today, at a lakh of rupees you can buy some of the most fabulous motorcycles this country has seen in a long time. None of them have the utility a car can afford, but for sheer pleasure at that price nothing comes close. In today's market, buyers are spoiled for choice. Everything from commuter entry-level 100cc bikes to the exorbitantly priced and immensely powerful Ducati 1098R is available here in India.

The prime contender, if you're willing to forego a couple of wheels, is the Yamaha YZF-R15. This bike isn’t available at a lakh of rupees; the actual quotation can run up to nearly a lakh and a half by the time it steps onto the road. Yet, it is a motorcycle that has swept several awards including the IMOTY and Indian Performance Bike Of The Year. It has revived the fortunes of a company that had lost all hope of seeing a return to their '80s glory days. What makes it truly incredible is the fact that it showcases technological advances that make it the superior motorcycle amongst its peers even though it may not be the largest or most powerful.

It is a motorcycle that has completely redefined the Indian 2-wheeler segment and product capabilities by pushing itself to the very brink. It’s a quick yet comfortable handling god, and the fact that it looks as good as it does makes it a very alluring buy.

But then, you can also buy a Hero Honda Karizma or even an Apache RTR-Fi--both of which are highly focused on their tasks. Or you could buy a piece of nostalgia with the Royal Enfield Bullet, which despite being one of the oldest motorcycles of the same design in production, is still going as strong as ever. In fact, sales are on the up as newer technologies make their appearance in this motorcycle.

Future bright Bajaj Lite

At Auto Expo 2008, Bajaj showcased the Lite--a small four-seat concept, which it expects to price at $3000. That roughly translates to a 1.2 lakh rupee ex-showroom price--a bit hard to achieve in the current economic scenario. Nevertheless, Tata Motors has shown the way forward for cost-effective engineering and business practices. It is only natural for others to follow. Bajaj, for one, is certainly going to try hard to keep costs from spiraling, especially since they already excel at manufacturing cost-effective motorcycles. Those lessons learned on two wheels will help add two more to their ambitions.

The Lite is a cute car and the prototype unveiled at the Expo showcased a vehicle that will be inexpensive but not downright cheap. The design may not inspire lyrical verse, but it will get the job done and for developing countries, that is generally more than enough. If it can deliver at the right price, there will be few complaints. The Lite will accommodate four and provide a host of creature comforts. It will have a choice of both petrol and diesel powertains, likely not larger in capacity than a litre, possibly lower.

Bajaj could look at the variomatic transmissions it builds for its scooters to transfer power in the Lite, especially since Rajiv Bajaj claimed that the tranny would be something special and not a conventional manual or automatic gearbox. It will ride on small wheels and could share several mechanical components with other projects Bajaj is working on, namely a 4-wheeler LCV on the lines of the Tata Ace. Bajaj, being a predominantly two-wheeler manufacturer, will not make the Lite an alternative to the motorcycle or scooter. It would certainly not be healthy to take business away from itself. Instead, it aims to project the Lite as a step above the Nano, though not entirely beyond the means of the common man.

The Lite is supposed to be ready by early to mid 2011, and hopefully it will not face its own Singur. But in the current economic gloom, anything is possible, especially since Renault has announced a slowdown of its India plans, part of which is their association with Bajaj. In fact, if rumors are to be believed, then Bajaj has apparently gone back to the drawing board to start the project from scratch. And if that is the case, the Lite will certainly not be switched on in 2011.

The Nano: Big news about a tiny car

One small step for Tata, one giant leap for autokind?

So what's the car of a million dreams across India?

If Tata Motors has it right, it will be the Nano: a cut-rate engineering marvel with a rear engine and front trunk space. Oh, and a price tag of about $2,000.

The tiny Nano will lack many of the standard accoutrements of cars in the West.

It won't have airbags or back-seat safety belts. There won't be power steering or an anti-lock brake system. But with a base price of 100,000 rupees, middle-class India may just stampede its way to car-dealerships when orders for the Nano begin in mid-April.

“The euphoria over the Nano is unmatched,” said Premanand Shenoy, chief executive of the Prerna Motors, a Tata dealer in Bangalore. “We have already held staff meetings on how to handle the thousands of people expected to walk in that day.”

The Nano project took off after Ratan Tata — the famed chairman of the Indian conglomerate that spans salt, steel and software — promised to build a “people’s car" for the masses now driving two-wheelers.

In India’s traffic-clogged city roads, millions ride on scooters and motorcycles — with sometimes as many as four or five people hanging precariously to the same vehicle.

The Nano aims to fulfill middle-class India’s desire to own a car, helping the not-so-rich claw their way up another rung of prosperity. Analysts estimate that latent demand for a low-priced car could boost the Indian car market's size by 65 percent, even in the face of a slowing economy.

Nirupa Venkatesh, a Bangalore-based dentist, is eager to order the Nano as the family’s second car. She and her husband, a gynecologist, already own a Toyota SUV.

“I want the Nano because it is cheap and (the) best,” said Venkatesh, who like many price-conscious Indians wants a no-frills product. She will use the car to shop, run errands and drop her 9-year old daughter off at school.

Bajaj low cost US$ 2500 small car delayed

Bajaj says that its low cost US$ 2500 small car project has been delayed by around 5-6 months. This means that the car may not be able to see the light in 2011 as was being expected.

The car had given hope that the race for cheap car would not remain confined to Tata’s Nano car that is slated to be launched in April. Nano too has been delayed by several months.

Tata Motors had announced to launch its lakhtakiya (RS 1 lakh) car last October. But so far the company has not been able to launch the car.

Bajaj Auto in association with Renault SA, Nissan Motor Co. had said in January last month that they were going to throw competition to Ratan Tata’s pet project Nano. The two companies had said that that they would collaborate to produce a small car that would cost around $2,500 (Rs1 lakh at that time’s exchange rate), making it the second car in the world and in India with ambitions to be the cheapest four-wheeler on the road.

It was said at that time that the three firms will set up a joint venture company in which India’s No. 2 motorbike maker, Bajaj, will hold the single largest majority with half the ownership, while partners Nissan and Renault will hold a quarter each. On sale from 2011, the cars—some 400,000 of them each year—will be produced in Maharashtra, at Chakan, near the existing manufacturing facilities of both Bajaj and Renault.

But now Rajiv Bajaj says: "The project remains largely on schedule, though in the course of development some specifications have been reviewed, leading to adjustments in the overall schedule." It had been reported in a section of the media that the ultra low-cost (ULC) project would be delayed by more than a year as Rajiv Bajaj was not happy with the work done so far, and he demanded major modification in the design.

Rajiv Bajaj went on to add “Bajaj has primary responsibility for the design, development, manufacturing, and supply chain activities of this project. Bajaj is proceeding as before to implement this project and any financial or other constraints that Renault-Nissan may have, have no bearing on the ability of Bajaj to implement this project".

Tata Nano to be launched on March 23

Tata Motors on Thursday announced that the much-awaited Tata Nano will be launched at a function in Mumbai on March 23, 2009.

The cars will be on display at Tata Motors dealerships from the first week of April 2009. Bookings will commence from the second week of April 2009.



Since it's unveiling on January 10, 2008, the Tata Nano has evoked an unprecedented interest in the country, with its Web site having recorded over 30 million hits in the past one year and the creation of over 6,000 interest groups and communities.

Tata Motors is making arrangements for the widest possible network to book the car, so that prospective customers can conveniently avail of booking facilities at their locations, across the length and breadth of India. The booking process and other details will be announced on March 23, 2009.

Nano’s soft launch likely by year-end

Tata Motors is likely to go in for a soft launch of its low-budget car, Nano, by the year-end before hitting the road in a big way.

“Tata’s will launch 200-300 Nano cars by end this year, which will be the soft launch of Nano,” a vendor, who attended Tata Motors’ Vendor Meet, told reporters here on Thursday.

The company, which recently shifted its Nano plant to Gujarat from West Bengal, plans a major launch of the car during the second-half of the next year, he said.

The company spokesperson could not be contacted for comment.

However, officials of the Tata Motors a few days back had reiterated the stated position of launch in the last quarter of the current fiscal.

Tata's Nano project finds a home

India's giant Tata Group has found a new home to build the world's cheapest car, cosseted by assurances that the project's past traumas with land disputes and political infighting are over.

By choosing to take its "Nano" car factory to the business-friendly state of Gujarat, after abandoning the original site in West Bengal, Tata has sent a message that a stable investment climate is a pre-requisite for participation in India's economic growth.

In an interview published Wednesday in the Economic Times, group chairman Ratan Tata attacked what he saw as the political manipulation behind protests by local farmers that forced the pull-out from West Bengal.

"Political opposition should be subordinated to the better welfare of the country," Tata said, suggesting that those who backed the protestors did not necessarily have their best interests at heart.

"Who is the loser? Are the people really going to prosper, many of whom live below subsistence levels?" he said. "What about the people who had aspirations for jobs? These are the questions that come to my mind."

The decision to move the plant -- which was 90 percent complete -- followed a month of violent demonstrations by activists and evicted farmers who complained they had been forced to give up their land for a pittance to make room for the Nano factory.

Some farmers said their signatures handing over their land were forged by workers from West Bengal's governing communist party.

The issue provided a rallying point for social activists and opposition parties hoping to break the Marxists' 31-year rule in the state.

The Nano has attracted worldwide attention due to its planned price tag of just 100,000 rupees (2,100 dollars) and, as soon as it became clear that Tata was considering relocating, a number of states rushed to compete for the project.

The agreement with Gujarat was formalised on Tuesday, and Ratan Tata said the choice was largely rooted in the state's ability to provide the necessary land immediately.

"Gujarat was able to define the land, secure possession of the land, the main thing, at an unbelievably fast rate," he said.

"In fact, if we could move the plant in a day, we could have actually started operating here, given the fact that everything was ready," he added.

Gujarat is one of India's most industrialised states and has a relatively sound infrastructure that has already attracted a number of multinationals.

The Nano plant will make 250,000 Nanos a year, rising to 500,000, the company says. However, it is not clear when production will begin.

The group had hoped to launch the car by December at the latest, but Tata officials admitted Tuesday that a more realistic timeframe lay between January and March next year.

The first batch of Nanos will be rolled out from existing Tata Motors plants elsewhere in India in what Ratan Tata described as a "makeshift kind of operation".

He also insisted that the 350 million dollars Tata had already pumped into the West Bengal plant was in no sense a write-off loss.

"All the equipment will be moved, so there is no loss there. We can also retrieve and utilise a fair amount of the fixed assets," he said.

The tussle over the Nano site was one of many recent land disputes in India.

The struggles have pitted the interests of farmers, who say they will starve without their land, against those of business and India's government, which say the country needs to industrialise rapidly.

Europe awaiting Nano car’s electric version

Though the fate of Tata Motors’ Nano plant at Singur in West Bengal still hangs in a limbo, nations around the world still want to see the cheapest car driving on their roads at the earliest; preferably in its battery-operated, environment-friendly version.

“I can say that alike other nations, entire Europe is also eagerly awaiting the commercial launch of Nano. But keeping in mind the adverse impact of carbon dioxide (Co2) on environment, it would be advisable to have Nano’s electric version. I hope Tata (Ratan) is working on it,” said European Commission’s Director General for Energy and Transport Matthias Ruete.

Emission-free transport

Talking to The Hindu during his recent visit to India, where he forged ties for cooperation in the field of energy and transport between the European Union and India, Mr. Ruete said keeping in mind the growing cost of fuel, electric (battery operated) engine was the only solution to emission-free transport.

Informing that European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union, has been working on a sustainable transport policy that aims at reducing of Co2 emissions and transform public transport, Mr. Ruete said decades ago the industry favoured combustion engine over electric engine as the price of fuel was never an issue, but things have changed now.

Moving backwards

“We are now moving backwards. And once we get the right battery technology for our automotive industry, we will be moving back directly to electric cars or indirectly to fuel cells or hydrogen-operated vehicles,” he added.

Predicting that in another 20 years electric cars will enjoy a good share in the market, Mr. Ruete said new efficient trams were being developed.

“I think soon logistics and delivery system in cities would be shifted to electric vehicles. More hi-speed trains would become integral part of public transport. The whole transport industry and businesses are working on developing new fuel-efficient models. We are also working on finding an alternative to kerosene,” he said, underlying the efforts being taken by the EU to reduce emissions.

Intermediate steps

Talking about alternate source of fuel, Mr. Ruete said bio-fuels or other source like CNG or LPG were only intermediate steps that can could work with existing technologies, but more comprehensive solutions were needed.

Stating that there was no necessary link between higher food prices and bio-fuels, though it might have a link in case of corn, Mr. Ruete said EU wanted that land being used for food production should not be used for bio-fuel production.

“We have to make sure that wasteland and spare land are used for bio-fuel production. We need to have an overall balance. We need to generate second generation bio-fuels from straw or other materials,” he added.

Setback for country if Nano forced out of WB: Industry leaders


Top industry leaders today warned that the country would suffer a big setback if Tata Motors was forced to withdraw the small car project from West Bengal.
Joining the ranks of protesters from the industry against the threat to industry, two days after RIL Chairman Mukesh Ambani threw his weight behind Tatas, were Sunil Mittal, Jamshyd Godrej, C K Birla, Gautam Thapar, Venu Srinivasan apart from K V Kamath, President of CII.
"Tatas pulling out of West Bengal would be unfortunate for India...immediate political dialogue to find a solution towards keeping the project in West Bengal is imperative," Bharti Chairman and Group CEO Sunil Mittal said.
If the house of Tatas, known for its values and care for society, can face such resistance, the much needed fresh wave of industrialisation in the country would suffer, he added.
Expressing similar views, Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Co Ltd Chairman and Managing Director Jamshyd N Godrej said,"... Nano's moving out would be a setback for not just West Bengal but for the entire country."
The small car project was a statement of the coming of age of Indian manufacturing, he said, adding "it is, therefore, very unfortunate that the entire project is facing a political situation which it does not warrant".
Sundaram Clayton Managing Director Venu Srinivasan said the controversy which was effectively stalling an 'iconic project' like the Nano was very unfortunate.
"We have in Ratan Tata one of the most socially conscious business leaders of our times. Their record of caring for all stakeholders in general and the community in particular is unparallelled. Considering the national importance of this project, it would be unfortunate if political considerations, come in the way of India's progress," Srinivasan said.

Tata Motors may face penalty in Europe on JLR emissions

Tata Motors may face penalty for excess emissions from its newly acquired high-end Jaguar and Land Rover (JLR) vehicles with a stringent environment law being enforced in Europe by 2012, reports Economic Times.


In an initiative aimed at reducing CO2 emissions from new passenger cars by 19 per cent, the European Commission had adopted a proposal for legislation in December 2007.

The manufacturers can, however, make cars with emissions above the permitted limits, but have to balance by vehicles which emit less than the set standards.

Thus Jaguar-Land Rover, acquired by Tata Motors in March this year, will have to reduce their emissions. The emission standards are crafted in a way such that heavier cars have to improve more than lighter cars.

Under the proposed legislation, a premium of 20 Euros per gm per km has been proposed in the first year (2012), rising to 95 Euros by 2015.

Shares of the company declined Rs 10.55, or 2.43%, to settle at Rs 422.8. The total volume of shares traded was 134,343 at the BSE (Wednesday).

Orissa opens doors to Nano project


Hours after Ratan Tata threatened to pull the Nano car project out of Singur, both ruling and opposition parties here in Orissa on Friday have declared that the state’s doors are open for the Tatas to shift their much awaited Rs 1 lakh car project.

Unlike the conflict between the Left Front government and the opposition Trinamool Congress over Tatas project at Singur in West Bengal , both the ruling BJD-BJP and opposition Congress in Orissa spoke in one voice to welcome Tata’s Nano project.

“If they come forward to set up car project here, Orissa government will provide all kinds of support ,” said state Industry minister and senior BJP leader B B Harichandan . The state government would not say no to the small car project by Tata at Gopalpur, where the company’s huge chunk of lands remains unutilised, he said.

Tata open to Fiat selling Nano abroad

TATA Motors Ltd is open to Italy’s Fiat SpA helping to sell the low-cost Nano model overseas, chairman Ratan Tata said on Tuesday.

Tata, India’s third- largest car maker, plans to launch the Nano later this year, priced at about $ 2,500 (Rs 1 lakh). “We have held talks about the Nano being marketed in markets where Fiat already has a strong presence. I am open to consider a partnership,” Tata said.

Fiat has a joint venture with Tata to manufacture and distribute cars, engines and commercial vehicles. Tata also said the Tata group was in talks with Italian defence and aerospace company Finmeccanica SpA about supplying helicopter parts. The head of Fiat’s Iveco truck unit told an Italian newspaper in May he expected to resume talks with Tata on possible accords after the
India partner completed its acquisition of Jaguar and Land Rover.

Koito readies new lights for Nano


KOITO Manufacturing Co, the maker of head lamps for Lexus brand cars, is designing lights specifically for ultra- low cost cars as it tries to win more business from Tata Motors Ltd and Nissan Motor Co.

“Koito, the worlds' biggest maker of headlamps, is in the final stages of creating a simpler light that uses half as many parts as its more expensive models,” said the company's president Masahiro Ohtake on Thursday.

Koito and other auto parts makers are reengineering products for use in cars that cost almost half as much as Suzuki Motor Corps Maruti 800, the cheapest car currently on the Indian market. Tata will sell its $2,500 Nano later this year.

Nissan plans to produce a car with the same price by 2011 for India and other emerging markets. “Koito has no choice but to push into this low- cost market as all the carmakers get into the business,” said Kunihiro Matsumoto, a senior analyst at UBS Securities Japan Ltd in Tokyo. Costs wont bump up with Koito using existing technology and cheaper labour.

The parts maker opened a second Indian plant in September in Haryana to be closer to factories of automakers including Maruti Suzuki India, Ohtake said. The company now supplies lights for Tata's trucks. “A low- cost car requires ahead lamp design all its own,” Ohtake said.

Cars at about $3,000 are something that is being talked about on a global level and will become a big business. Koito is 20 per cent owned by Toyota Motor Corp. Tata unveiled the Nano in January and will begin selling the model later this year. The firm may export the car after three years, Ratan Tata, the Tata's chairman, said in January.

Nissan, France's Renault SA and India’s Bajaj Auto said on May 12 that they would build a$2,500 car in India to go on sale in 2011.

Toyota also plans to build a new low cost small car in India in 2010. Toyota's new factory will be near Bangalore. Koito already supplies headlamps to Toyota from its facility in Chennai. Koitos Indian operations are in joint venture Lucas TVS.

India’s passenger car sales, which doubled in the past five years, are set to triple to three million vehicles annually by 2015, according to the Indian government. Global sales of small cars will rise to 8.5 million vehicles by 2020 from 5.2 million last year, said Michael Wynn- Williams, a London based analyst at consulting company Global Insight Inc. Stanley Electric.

Koito faces competition from Stanley Electric, which in February raised its stake in Lumax Industries, India's largest maker of automotive lighting, and a supplier to Tatas Nano. Stanley owns 46.3 per cent of Lumax, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Lumax makes headlamps for Tatas Indica Xeta hatchback, Safari Dicor sport- utility vehicle (SUV), Sumo Victa SUV and Ace truck, according to it's website.

Tokyo- based Stanley started transferring technology to Lumax in 1984 and began investing in the company in 1994. Koito plans to increase research and development to five per cent this fiscal year to 21.9 billion yen. Research spending as a percentage of estimated sales of 474.6 billion yen will be little changed at 4.6 per cent, according to the company.

Ok tata buy buy nano


Going against the tide of commercial commonsense, Ratan Tata kept his promise of producing the Rs 1-lakh Tata Motors car and unveiled a surprisingly smart though no-frills vehicle on Thursday.
It is already being hailed as an iconic aspirational people’s car, which would be the harbinger of the next automotive revolution in India after the introduction of Maruti 800 in 1983. It opens up an entirely new segment of the market.
“I observed families riding on two-wheelers — the father driving, his young kid standing in front, his wife seated behind holding a baby. It led me to wonder if we could conceive of a safe, affordable transport for such families,” Tata said claiming a new barrier in small technology had been broken.
The 624 cc engine entry model – deluxe versions with air conditioner and power steering will also be offered – with a fuel economy of over 20 km to a litre will cost around Rs 1,25,000 in Delhi and meet Bharat III and Euro IV emission norms.

For the entry level model, that will cost about twice the price of a 100 cc motorcycle, Tata held out the promise of introducing power steering “at some point” because it enabled easy parking. A diesel variant could also be introduced, he said.
The car is expected to roll off the assembly line from Singur near Kolkata where the company is building a new plant. When the covers were finally lifted off the Nano, which is what the car has been christened, there was general admiration and more than a little incredulity that such a cheap car could actually be sleek.It was evident that its name had been carefully picked to raise visions of zing and technology rather than of a car that would only be famous because it was cheap.
Tata said the name reflected the marvel in small technology that the company had achieved. Tata Motors has 34 patents for product innovations used in the Nano.At the Nano’s unveiling during the Auto Show, the Tata chief spoke with the confidence of a man who knew he held with him the advantage of serving first.
There was also little show of modesty as he credited his engineers with “breaking new ground”. The Rs 1 lakh car was not a concept car or a prototype but a production model that would hit the market by June, he said.He also said that in commissioning the Nano, he had put his money where his heart was. He insisted the company was not going to be sacrificed for the car as a philanthropic issue, nor were the Tatas going to make “oodles of money” from selling the Nano.
Despite all the big names that were being represented at the Auto Show, it was apparent that the Nano’s unveiling was the most keenly awaited. The unveiling was immediately reported across networks abroad, which highlighted it as the world’s cheapest car with some carrying laudatory comments from auto experts who were surprised by its good looks.But, they highlighted concerns from environmentalists who claimed the expected flood of the Nano on Indian roads could create a traffic and pollution nightmare.
Conscious of this criticism, Tata told journalists that the car conformed to all the safety norms mandated by the government and had already cleared the frontal crash test. The side crash test would be carried out in accordance with even more stringent international parameters.Tata acknowledged that while there was global visibility for the small car, it was one of disbelief rather than expectation.
He was quick to point out how competitors were initially dismissive when he had first floated the idea of a Rs 1-lakh car, but that some were now in the race for producing four-wheelers in the same price band. “This is a vindication of our concept. I have the satisfaction that we are leading,” he said. But what about environment?Environmental groups have demanded mandatory fuel efficiency norms for vehicles in India. They contend that better fuel efficiency could translate into reduction in emission of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.The present Bharat Stage-III standard, which Nano would meet, applies only to emission of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, while ignoring carbon dioxide emissions, Soumyabrata Rahut from Greenpeace said.
“We welcome a car like Nano that claims best fuel efficiency in the small segment, but the Tata group produces other cars that are fuel guzzlers.”Another green group, Ban Asbestos Network India, has questioned whether the Tata Nano is free of asbestos, another harmful pollutant.“Carbon dioxide emitted by burning one litre fuel is constant. If we can travel more with a litre of fuel then obviously the carbon dioxide emissions per kilometre would be less,” Rahut said.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has recommended that if the global temperature rise has to be kept to less than two degrees Celsius, then a person can emit only 800 kilograms of carbon dioxide from personal transportation.Citing the example of China, the European Union and California where these fuel efficiency norms have been implemented, Rahut said, “India could implement the efficiency norms either by setting standards on the basis of the make and type of a car, or by setting the limit of carbon dioxide for the entire range of the cars (numbers sold). Those manufacturers who cannot meet a fleet average can buy credits from those below limit.”
The domestic car market is growing at the compounded annual growth rate of 14.2 per cent. By 2050, every sixth car will be for an Indian. “We demand that the industry should phase out cars with poor fuel efficiency and replace them with cars like Nano.

Ratan Tata do a "car"nama


Going against the tide of commercial commonsense, Ratan Tata kept his promise of producing the Rs 1-lakh Tata Motors car and unveiled a surprisingly smart though no-frills vehicle on Thursday.
It is already being hailed as an iconic aspirational people’s car, which would be the harbinger of the next automotive revolution in India after the introduction of Maruti 800 in 1983. It opens up an entirely new segment of the market.
“I observed families riding on two-wheelers — the father driving, his young kid standing in front, his wife seated behind holding a baby. It led me to wonder if we could conceive of a safe, affordable transport for such families,” Tata said claiming a new barrier in small technology had been broken.
The 624 cc engine entry model – deluxe versions with air conditioner and power steering will also be offered – with a fuel economy of over 20 km to a litre will cost around Rs 1,25,000 in Delhi and meet Bharat III and Euro IV emission norms.